For kingdom entrepreneurs seeking an efficient way to read the entire Bible, listening to an audio Bible and reading along book by book, completing the Bible in 90 days, can be incredibly powerful.
In this article, I’ll share seven compelling reasons for entrepreneurs to read the whole Bible, a proven 90-day listening and reading process, and a chronological reading plan that reveals the unfolding story of God’s salvation.
This article is also available in French and Italian.
7 Reasons for Entrepreneurs to Read the Whole Bible
As Christian entrepreneurs, aligning our work with God’s purposes is crucial. Immersing yourself in Scripture is a spiritual exercise to guide you on a transformative journey that can reshape your relationship with God and your approach to business. Here are seven compelling reasons why reading the entire Bible can change your life and your work:
Deepening your relationship with God. God reveals Himself to us as the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit throughout the pages of Scripture. By reading the whole Bible, you not only gain a comprehensive understanding of God’s character and His incredible love for you, but also deepen your intimacy with Him. This growing relationship is foundational to your spiritual growth, empowering you to navigate the complexities of entrepreneurship.
Gaining divine wisdom. The Bible is the ultimate guidebook for life and business, offering timeless principles for personal and leadership development. By immersing yourself in Scripture, you gain access to God’s wisdom. This wisdom, known in Hebrew as chochmah, is an attribute of God that He shares with us; it is the practical application of knowledge and competencies to create a life that honors God and benefits others. By applying biblical principles in your entrepreneurial endeavors, you are guided in making decisions that reflect God’s will, and in building a business that serves others with integrity and excellence. This means your products, services, and ethical practices become a testament to God’s wisdom at work in the marketplace, contributing to a flourishing life for yourself and those around you.
Understanding your identity. Scripture reveals that we are created in God’s image, called to stewardship, yet deeply in need of His grace due to our sinfulness. This dual reality shapes your identity as a Christian entrepreneur, fostering both confidence and humility. As you delve into the Bible, you gain clarity on your divine purpose, recognizing that your business is a calling to steward with creativity and integrity in dependence on God. Embracing your identity in Christ helps you lead with a balance of boldness and humility, always aware of your need for God’s redemption in all aspects of your work.
Getting a kingdom perspective. Reading the entire Bible allows you to grasp the grand narrative of God’s redemptive plan. This broader perspective shifts your focus from the temporal to the eternal, challenging you to align your business practices with the values of God’s Kingdom. As a business leader, this kingdom perspective invites you to cultivate an organizational culture that reflects Christ’s character, values servanthood, and fosters human well-being. Your work becomes a platform for advancing God’s purposes in the world.
Aligning your business with God’s will. Regular Bible reading is essential for discerning God’s will for your life and business. As you engage with Scripture, you develop a listening posture, attuning your heart to God’s voice in both personal and professional decisions. The Bible acts as a safeguard, ensuring that your entrepreneurial efforts are in line with God’s will, because the Spirit will never tell you to do something that contradict His Word. This alignment, though sometimes uncomfortable or challenging, is crucial for honoring God in all you do, even when it requires difficult or countercultural decisions.
Finding strength and encouragement. The Bible is filled with stories of faith, perseverance, and God’s faithfulness—narratives that are especially relevant to the ups and downs of entrepreneurship. These accounts remind you that God is powerful in your weakness and that His grace is sufficient in every challenge you face. By immersing yourself in Scripture, you draw strength and encouragement, knowing that the same God who sustained biblical heroes is with you in your entrepreneurial journey.
Developing spiritual discipline. Reading the entire Bible requires commitment and consistency—qualities that are invaluable in both your spiritual life and your business ventures. The Holy Spirit, who indwells believers, uses Scripture to sanctify you and enables you to live righteously. As you engage with the Word, you open yourself to the Spirit’s guidance and transformation, becoming more Christ-like in your character and leadership. This spiritual discipline enriches your relationship with God and prepares you to lead your business with integrity and purpose.
We’ve explored the seven compelling reasons why entrepreneurs should read the entire Bible. Now, let me guide you through my process for achieving this in just 90 days.
A 90-Day Bible Reading Process That Works
As a pastor and fellow entrepreneur, I recommend the approach I’ve relied on since my first cover-to-cover Bible reading. This method has proven to be highly effective, and I continue to use it each year to refresh my understanding and maintain a deep connection with the Scriptures.
Key Elements:
Read fast, completing the Bible in 90 days. Protestant Bibles typically require 75-90 hours of listening time, while Catholic or Orthodox Bibles may take longer. Dedicating about an hour each day to listening and reading allows you to complete the Bible in approximately three months.
Listen and read simultaneously. Listening to an audio Bible while reading along in your print Bible or app sets a consistent, dynamic pace that makes it possible to complete the entire Bible within 90 days. The audio narration drives the reading process, ensuring you cover large sections of Scripture efficiently, while also enhancing comprehension and retention. By combining listening and reading, you create a focused, immersive experience that deepens your engagement with God’s Word.
Read Each Book in 1-2 Sittings. Completing each book in 1-2 sittings helps you grasp the flow of salvation history, how God is moving his redemptive purposes forward despite human rebellion, and appreciate each book as a literary work with its own voice and context. This approach may require setting aside 2-2.5 hours every other day, but maintaining momentum is key. Reading times are provided in the Bible Reading Plan below, though note that comprehension may vary; Old Testament narratives are generally easier to follow than Paul’s dense theological writings.
The 3-Step Process for Each Book:
- Watch an introductory video. Begin by watching the video by BibleProject.com (Old Testament / New Testament Book Overviews) for the book you’re about to read. These concise videos, available in English and multiple languages, offer useful context, outline the book’s structure, and highlight key themes.
- Listen and read. Listen to the audio Bible while reading along in your print Bible or app. Aim to complete each book in one sitting if possible, two at most, to grasp its narrative and message. Most biblical books can be read in 2-2.5 hours or less. Some books require 4-5 hours and can be split into two sessions.
- Study the book. After completing each book, study it with our KE Bible Study for Entrepreneurs (coming soon). This will help you reflect on the biblical and theological themes of the book by exploring implications for entrepreneurship, leadership, and work, and apply them to your professional journey.
Reflect as You Read: Where is God in this story? The primary goal is to familiarize yourself with the biblical narrative of events, but also to consider the plotline: Where is God’s presence in this story? What is God doing? What does this teach us about God? That’s what makes it theology. Additionally, explore how the human author has structured the book to convey its message. Stay open to how God might speak to you through His Word, guiding your steps as a Christian entrepreneur.
Find a Translation with Audio
To start your 90-day Bible reading plan today, select a reputable translation in your language that also offers an audio version that resonates with you.
On platforms like YouVersion (Bible.com) and Bible.is you’ll find free Bible translations in numerous modern languages as well as the biblical languages, many with integrated audio. These platforms provide both dramatized and narrated versions, with synchronized text and audio for a seamless reading experience. Alternatively, audiobook stores offer downloadable audio Bibles if you prefer offline access.
Once you’ve chosen a Bible that appeals to you, take a moment to research the translation to ensure it’s of high quality. A reliable translation typically meets the following criteria:
- Created by Bible experts with strong credentials,
- Translated directly from the original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek manuscripts,
- Recent enough to incorporate the latest scholarly findings,
- Balances accuracy with readability, faithfully conveying the original meaning in contemporary language.
A good sign of a trustworthy translation is its widespread use among large Protestant, Catholic, or Orthodox churches. Be assured, many modern European languages have well-crafted translations that are more than adequate for our purposes as Christian entrepreneurs and for our personal spiritual growth.
This is the process how to read the entire Bible in 90 days. Next, you’ll find the 90-day chronological Bible reading plan to guide you through this journey.
The 90-day Chronological Bible Reading Plan by Eras (Complete Books)
This reading plan organizes the Bible according to the chronological order of the events described. The Old Testament is arranged by historical eras, integrating prophetic and wisdom literature to provide richer context and reveal the grand narrative of God’s redemptive plan. This differs from the order in your Bible, where books are grouped by literary genre. The New Testament follows a chronological sequence that aligns with the Gospels, Acts, Paul’s Letters, General Letters, and Revelation.
Please note that the dates and timeframes provided are based on scholarly consensus and may vary based on different interpretations. This plan is designed to give a general framework for understanding the sequence and context of biblical events and writings.
Old Testament
Creation, Early History, and Patriarchal Era (Before 1700 BC)
Torah/Pentateuch: Genesis (4h)
Wisdom Literature: Job (1h 45m)
Genesis is a foundational narrative that spans from the creation of the world to the origins of the nation of Israel. It covers key events such as the creation, the fall of humanity, the flood, and the lives of the patriarchs: Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph. Themes include the sovereignty of God, the blessing and stewardship mandate of all humanity, the covenant, and the beginnings of God’s plan for redemption. Events in Genesis are traditionally dated to a broad range from an unknown prehistoric time to around 1700 BC.
Job is a poetic and philosophical exploration of human suffering and divine justice. The book presents a dialogue between Job and his friends as they grapple with the reasons for Job’s intense suffering. It raises profound questions about faith, justice, and the nature of God. While its exact setting is debated, it is often placed in the patriarchal period due to its ancient wisdom themes.
Exodus and Wilderness Wanderings (1700-1400 BC)
Torah/Pentateuch: Exodus (3h), Leviticus (2h), Numbers (3h), Deuteronomy (2h 45m)
Exodus recounts the Israelites’ enslavement in Egypt, their dramatic deliverance through the ten plagues, and their journey toward the Promised Land. Central themes include God’s deliverance, covenant, and law, culminating in the giving of the Ten Commandments at Mount Sinai. Events are traditionally dated between 1700 and 1400 BC, though some propose a later date around 1300-1200 BC.
Leviticus focuses on the laws given to Israel, particularly concerning worship, holiness, and ethical living. The book underscores the holiness of God and the necessity of atonement.
Numbers records Israel’s 40 years of wandering in the desert, marked by rebellion, punishment, and preparation for entering the Promised Land. It highlights themes of faith, obedience, and God’s guidance.
Deuteronomy presents Moses’ final sermons to a new generation of Israelites, summarizing the law and renewing the covenant. Themes include obedience, blessings, curses, and the centrality of God’s law in Israel’s life.
Regarding the composition of the Pentateuch, there’s a broad agreement today on a late final redaction of the text from older nucleus or narrative cycles. Yet the views differ on the specifics, including the precise timeline and the nature of the editorial processes involved. Especially the Deuteronomistic portions and Priestly material may have been added or significantly revised during the late monarchic, exilic or early post-exilic periods, reflecting a later stage of theological and historical development within the Israelite community.
Conquest and Judges (1400-1050 BC)
History Books: Joshua (1h 45m), Judges (1h 45m), Ruth (15m)
Joshua details the Israelites’ conquest of Canaan and settlement in the Promised Land under Joshua’s leadership, emphasizing God’s faithfulness in fulfilling His promises. Themes include divine guidance, judgment, and the importance of covenant obedience. This era is typically dated from 1400 to 1050 BC.
Judges recounts a turbulent period in Israel’s history, characterized by cycles of sin, oppression, repentance, and deliverance. The book highlights the consequences of Israel’s disobedience and the need for righteous leadership.
Ruth is a short narrative that tells the story of a Moabite woman who becomes an ancestor of king David. Themes include loyalty, redemption, and God’s providence.
United Kingdom (1050-930 BC)
History Books: 1 Samuel (2h 30m), 2 Samuel (2h), 1 Chronicles (2h),
Wisdom Literature: Psalms (5h), Proverbs (1h 45m), Song of Songs (20m)
1 Samuel and 2 Samuel chronicle the establishment and peak of Israel’s monarchy, covering the reigns of Saul, David, and the early years of Solomon with the construction of the First Temple. Themes include leadership, covenant loyalty, and God’s sovereignty in establishing kingship. These events are generally dated from 1050 to 930 BC.
1 Chronicles provides a retelling of the history from Adam to David, emphasizing God’s covenant with David and the importance of temple worship.
Psalms is a collection of 150 poems, hymns, and prayers, attributed to David and others, that express a wide range of emotions from lament to praise. Themes include worship, trust in God, and the faithfulness of God throughout Israel’s history.
Proverbs is a collection of wise sayings attributed to Solomon and others, offering practical guidance on living a righteous and moral life. Themes include the fear of the Lord, wisdom, and the consequences of one’s actions.
Song of Songs is a poetic dialogue celebrating love and the intimate relationship between a bride and groom, often interpreted allegorically as the love between God and His people.
Divided Kingdom and Pre-Exilic Period (930-586 BC)
History Books: 1 Kings (2h 15m), 2 Kings (2h 15m), 2 Chronicles (2h 15m),
Major Prophets: Isaiah (4h), Jeremiah (4h 30m), Lamentations (20m)
Minor Prophets (Pre-Exilic): Hosea (30m), Joel (15m), Amos (25m), Obadiah (5m), Jonah (10m), Micah (20m), Nahum (10m), Habakkuk (10m), Zephaniah (10m)
1 Kings and 2 Kings narrate the division of Israel into two kingdoms after Solomon’s death and trace the subsequent history of Israel and Judah. The books highlight a long series of kings, many of whom led the people into idolatry, oppression, and social injustice, stirring up God’s wrath. Despite God’s covenant with Israel, both kingdoms repeatedly turned away from Him, leading to the ministries of prophets like Elijah and Elisha, who called for repentance. The narrative culminates in the fall of the Northern Kingdom to Assyria in 722 BC and the fall of Judah and the destruction of the First Temple by Babylon in 586 BC. The overarching themes include covenant faithfulness, the consequences of disobedience, and the crucial role of prophecy in calling the people back to God.
2 Chronicles parallels the narrative of Kings but focuses more on Judah, the temple, and the Davidic line, highlighting the religious reforms of a few faithful kings. However, the chronicler emphasizes that even these reforms could not prevent the ultimate downfall due to persistent idolatry and injustice.
Please note that the storyline of God’s redemptive purpose continues through the major prophets, such as Isaiah and Jeremiah. They speak extensively of God’s wrath against idolatry and social injustice, calling to repentance, warning of impending judgment, while also offering hope for future restoration.
Isaiah is one of the most significant prophetic books in the Old Testament, traditionally attributed to the prophet Isaiah, who lived in the 8th century BC. However, modern scholarship often divides the book into three sections based on distinct historical contexts and themes.
Proto-Isaiah (chapters 1-39) is generally attributed to the original prophet Isaiah, who ministered in Judah during the pre-exilic period, warning of impending judgment while offering hope for a future messianic kingdom.
Deutero-Isaiah (chapters 40-55) is believed to have been written during the Babylonian exile, offering comfort to the exiled Israelites and proclaiming the coming deliverance by a servant of the Lord.
Finally, Trito-Isaiah (chapters 56-66) is associated with the post-exilic period under the leadership of Ezra and Nehemiah, addressing the challenges of rebuilding the community and renewing faith in a restored Jerusalem. Together, these three sections provide a sweeping narrative of judgment, hope, and restoration, reflecting the evolving circumstances and theological developments of Israel from the 8th to the 6th centuries BC.
Jeremiah is one of the major prophets of the Old Testament, known for his powerful messages of judgment and hope during one of the most tumultuous periods in Israel’s history. He prophesied from around 627 to 586 BC, spanning the reigns of the last five kings of Judah and witnessing the fall of Jerusalem and the destruction of the Temple by the Babylonians. Jeremiah’s ministry was marked by deep personal suffering, as he was often rejected, persecuted, and imprisoned for his message that Judah’s unfaithfulness to God would lead to its downfall.
Jeremiah also conveyed profound messages of hope, emphasizing God’s enduring covenant with Israel. He foretold a future restoration and the establishment of a new covenant, where God’s law would be written on the hearts of the people, rather than on stone tablets. This vision of a renewed relationship between God and His people was seen as a precursor to the New Testament concept of salvation through Christ.
Lamentations, attributed to Jeremiah, mourns the fall of Jerusalem in 586 BC. Themes include repentance, God’s justice, and faithfulness.
The Minor Prophets during this era delivered messages of warning and hope. Their themes often include God’s judgment against sin, the call for repentance, and the promise of restoration. The exact dates of their ministries vary but generally fall within the 8th to 6th centuries BC.
Jonah tells the story of the prophet Jonah, who is called by God to preach repentance to the enemy city of Nineveh. Instead of obeying, Jonah flees, leading to a dramatic sequence where he is swallowed by a great fish. After three days, Jonah finally obeys and delivers God’s message, resulting in the city’s repentance. Despite this success, Jonah struggles with God’s mercy toward those he deems unworthy. The book emphasizes themes of divine compassion, the universality of God’s love, and the tension between justice and forgiveness. It also offers a powerful reminder that God’s call and purposes extend beyond the boundaries of Israel, embracing even the most unlikely of people and places.
This pre-exilic period, rich in prophetic activity, is estimated to have lasted from 930 to 586 BC.
Exilic Period (586-538 BC)
Major Prophets: Ezekiel (3h 30m), Daniel (1h 15m)
Ezekiel was written during the Babylonian exile and offers visions of God’s glory, judgment against the nations, and the promise of Israel’s restoration. Initially, Ezekiel sees a vision of the glory of God while in exile, symbolizing God’s continued presence with His people. Then he sees the glory of God departing from the temple in Jerusalem due to the people’s idolatry, a sign of divine judgment. The main themes include God’s sovereignty, holiness, and the renewal of His people.
Daniel combines historical narrative of Daniel’s experiences in the Babylonian court and his apocalyptic visions, offering a glimpse into God’s sovereignty over earthly kingdoms and His final plan for the future of the world, including a vision of the “Son of Man” who is given dominion and authority over all nations. The book is traditionally dated to the 6th century BC.
The Babylonian exile is generally accepted to have lasted from 586 to 538 BC.
Post-Exilic / Persian Period (538-400 BC)
History Books: Ezra (45m), Nehemiah (1h), Esther (30m)
Minor Prophets (Post-Exilic): Haggai (10m), Zechariah (40m), Malachi (15m)
Wisdom Literature (Post-Exilic): Ecclesiastes (30m)
Ezra and Nehemiah recount the return of the Jewish exiles to Jerusalem, the building of the Second Temple, and the restoration of the community. Themes include covenant renewal, faithfulness, and the importance of worship.
Esther tells the story of a Jewish queen in Persia who saves her people from genocide. Themes include God’s providence and the courage to stand for what is right.
Haggai and Zechariah encourage the returned exiles to rebuild the temple and remain faithful to God. Malachi calls for renewed commitment to God in the face of spiritual apathy.
Ecclesiastes explores the meaning of life by questioning the value of human endeavors in a seemingly unjust world. Themes include the futility of earthly pursuits and the call to revere God. While traditionally attributed to Solomon, the book is widely regarded as having been composed during the Persian or early Hellenistic period due to its distinctive reflections on existential questions and its philosophical outlook.
This era is estimated to have spanned from 538 to 400 BC.
Intertestamental Period (400-4 BC)
Suggested reading from the Catholic and Orthodox deuterocanon, and apocrypha:
Historical Books: 1 Maccabees (3h), 2 Maccabees (2h 30m), 1 Esdras (1h 30m), Judith (1h 30m), Tobit (1h)
Wisdom Literature: Wisdom of Solomon (1h 30m), Sirach (Ecclesiasticus) (3h)
Prophetic and Apocalyptic Literature: 1 Enoch (5h), 2 Esdras (2h), Baruch (45m)
Additional Texts: Additions to Daniel (1h), Additions to Esther (30m), Prayer of Manasseh (10m), Psalm 151 (5m), 3 Maccabees (1h)
This period, often referred to as the “400 Silent Years,” was a time of significant political, social, and religious development, setting the stage for the New Testament era. This crucial period in Jewish history saw the rise and fall of the Persian Empire, Alexander the Great’s conquest and the subsequent Hellenization, the Maccabean revolt against the Seleucid Empire, the Hasmonean rule, and the rise of the Roman Empire. It is is traditionally dated from 400 to 4 BC.
The literature from this time reflects these dramatic changes and the evolving religious thought that shaped the Jewish world into which Jesus would be born. The writings of this time are considered valuable for understanding the context leading up to the New Testament. Many of these works are thought to have been written between 200 BC and 100 AD, with some, like 1 Enoch, being composites that include older material.
1 and 2 Maccabees are historical books that recount the Jewish revolt against the Seleucid Empire in the 2nd century BC. 1 Maccabees provides a detailed, chronological account of the Maccabean Revolt, highlighting the heroic leadership of Judas Maccabeus and his brothers as they fight for Jewish independence and religious freedom. It emphasizes themes of faithfulness to the law, the importance of religious purity, and the struggle against oppression. 2 Maccabees, while covering some of the same events, focuses more on theological reflections, such as the role of martyrdom, the resurrection of the dead, and God’s direct intervention in the affairs of His people. Together, these books celebrate Jewish resistance and the preservation of their faith under intense persecution.
Wisdom of Solomon is a profound piece of Jewish wisdom literature written in Greek, likely in the late 1st century BC or early 1st century AD. The book blends elements of Hellenistic philosophy with Jewish religious thought, exploring themes of divine wisdom, justice, and immortality. It reflects on the nature of wisdom as an emanation from God, personified as a guiding force in creation and human affairs. The text emphasizes the righteousness of God, the moral integrity required of believers, and the ultimate triumph of virtue over vice. Its rich imagery and philosophical reflections aim to provide consolation and encouragement in the face of adversity and suffering.
Sirach (also known as Ecclesiasticus) is a comprehensive collection of ethical teachings and proverbs written by Jesus ben Sirach in Hebrew around 200-175 BC. This wisdom book offers practical guidance for living a righteous life and stresses the importance of wisdom, piety, and respect for the Law. Unlike other wisdom literature, Sirach includes reflections on the history of Israel, praising the patriarchs and emphasizing the value of tradition and community. It addresses various aspects of daily life, from interpersonal relationships to religious observance, underscoring the significance of wisdom in achieving a harmonious and devout life.
1 Enoch is an ancient Jewish apocalyptic text, traditionally attributed to the biblical figure Enoch, who was said to have walked with God. Although it is not part of the canonical scriptures for most Christian traditions, it is highly significant in Second Temple Judaism and early Christian thought, particularly in its exploration of the themes of divine judgment, the fate of the wicked, and the reward of the righteous. The book is composed of several distinct sections, including the Book of Watchers, which details the fall of the rebellious angels, and the Book of Parables, which introduces the concept of the “Son of Man” as a messianic figure. 1 Enoch profoundly influenced the development of early Christian eschatology and is referenced in the New Testament, most notably in the Epistle of Jude.
2 Esdras is an apocalyptic text included in the Apocrypha, particularly in the Orthodox traditions. Written in the late 1st century AD, likely in response to the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 AD, the book is a profound reflection on the problem of evil, the justice of God, and the fate of Israel. Through a series of visions, the central figure Ezra explores themes of seeming triumph of wickedness in the world, divine judgment, the eventual restoration of Israel, and the coming of a messianic age. 2 Esdras is notable for its philosophical and theological depth, particularly its wrestling with questions of human suffering, predestination, and the afterlife, which have resonated with readers throughout the centuries.
New Testament
The Life of Jesus Christ (4 BC – AD 30)
Gospels: Matthew (2h 30m), Mark (1h 30m), Luke (2h 30m), John (2h)
The four Gospels present different perspectives on the life, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. They emphasize themes such as the kingdom of God, the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy, the nature of discipleship, and the revelation of God through Jesus Christ.
Jesus of Nazareth most likely lived from 4 BC – AD 30, with his public ministry from AD 27-30; some scholars propose slightly later dates with the ministry beginning AD 27-29, and his crucifixion around AD 30-33.
The Gospel of Matthew (written AD 80-90) presents Jesus as the long-awaited Messiah, the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies, and the rightful King of Israel. Written primarily for a Jewish audience, Matthew frequently references Hebrew Scriptures to demonstrate how Jesus fulfills Messianic expectations. This Gospel is structured around five major discourses, reminiscent of the Pentateuch, underscoring Jesus as the new Moses who brings a new law. Key themes include the Kingdom of Heaven, the role of Jesus as a teacher and healer, and the importance of righteousness, mercy, and forgiveness. Matthew also emphasizes the universal mission of Jesus, culminating in the Great Commission, where Jesus commands His disciples to spread the Gospel to all nations.
The Gospel of Mark (AD 65-70) is the shortest and most action-packed of the four Gospels, often characterized by its fast-paced narrative and frequent use of the word “immediately.” Likely written for a Roman audience, Mark presents Jesus as the Suffering Servant and the Son of God who came not to be served, but to serve, and to give His life as a ransom for many. Mark emphasizes the authority of Jesus in His teachings, miracles, and exorcisms, often portraying the astonishment of the crowds and the disciples. Despite His power, Jesus is depicted as a misunderstood and rejected figure, with a significant focus on His passion, death, and the empty tomb pointing to his resurrection. The Gospel invites readers to reflect on the cost of discipleship and the mystery of Jesus’ identity.
The Gospel of Luke (AD 80-90) is considered the first part of Luke-Acts, traditionally attributed to Luke, a physician and companion of Paul. This Gospel is directed toward a Gentile audience and highlights Jesus as the Savior of all people, regardless of social or ethnic background. Luke’s narrative proposes an orderly account of the life of Jesus including unique parables, such as the Good Samaritan and the Prodigal Son, which illustrate God’s mercy and love. It is in Luke that Jesus talks more about financial stewardship, trust in God’s provision, a minimalist mentality and generosity than anywhere else in his teachings. Luke’s gospel emphasizes Jesus’ compassion, inclusivity, and concern for the marginalized, paying special attention to women, the poor, and social outcasts, and portraying Jesus as a friend to sinners and a healer of the broken. Luke’s emphasis on the work of the Holy Spirit and the theme of joy permeates the text, culminating in the resurrection and ascension of Jesus.
The Gospel of John (AD 90-100) stands apart from the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke) with its unique structure and theological depth, focusing on the divine nature of Jesus Christ. Written to inspire faith and belief, John presents Jesus as the eternal Word (Logos) who was with God and was God from the beginning, emphasizing His divinity through a series of “I am” statements and miraculous signs. The Gospel is rich with symbolism and metaphor, presenting Jesus as the Light of the World, the Bread of Life, the Good Shepherd, and the True Vine. John’s narrative is deeply reflective, focusing on themes of light versus darkness, belief versus unbelief, and the intimate relationship between the Father, the Son, and believers. The Gospel culminates in the passion, death, and resurrection of Jesus, with a clear call to belief as the pathway to eternal life.
Historical Jesus research aims to reconstruct the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth. By applying historical and critical methods they seek to discern the historical figure from theological interpretations, that is to distinguish Jesus of Nazareth from the Christ of our faith. Scholars scrutinize various sources, including the New Testament Gospels, non-Christian references, and archaeological data, to explore aspects such as Jesus’ role as a prophet, teacher, and healer. This research examines the authenticity of his teachings and parables, assessing their historical context and their impact on his followers and the early Christian movement. Key debates include whether Jesus was self-aware of his divine identity, or if this perception emerged later within the church. The field also features a divide between pastors and scholars: some affirm the Gospels’ historicity as eyewitness accounts, while others question their reliability. By analyzing these dimensions, Historical Jesus studies seek to provide a nuanced understanding of Jesus’ historical reality and the factors that influenced the development of his message.
Early Church and Pauline Letters (AD 30-67)
History Book: Acts (2h 30m)
Pauline Epistles: Romans (1h), 1 Corinthians (1h), 2 Corinthians (45m), Galatians (20m), Ephesians (20m), Philippians (18m), Colossians (15m), 1 Thessalonians (15m), 2 Thessalonians (10m), 1 Timothy (20m), 2 Timothy (15m), Titus (10m), Philemon (5m)
The Acts of the Apostles (written AD 80-90) narrates the history of the early church and the spread of the Gospel from approximately AD 30 to AD 60, beginning around AD 30 with Jesus’ ascension after 40 days of teaching His disciples about the Kingdom of God, the coming of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost and the establishment of the early church in Jerusalem. Acts covers Paul’s three major missionary journeys from approximately AD 46 to AD 57. The book concludes with Paul’s imprisonment, his arrival in Rome and his house arrest, which is dated to around AD 60. Thematically, Acts emphasizes the indwelling and work of the Holy Spirit, the formation and expansion of the church, and the fulfillment of Jesus’ command to spread the Gospel to the ends of the earth, with its arrival in Rome marking a significant milestone.
The Pauline Epistles address various issues in the early Christian communities, offering theological insights, practical guidance, and exhortations. Themes include justification by faith, our identity in Christ, Christian ethics, the nature of the church, and the hope of resurrection. Paul’s lifetime spans roughly from AD 5-67, with his active missionary work occurring primarily from AD 46-60.
Proto-Pauline Epistles (undisputed letters). These are the letters widely accepted as being authentically written by Paul and dated in Paul’s lifetime, specifically during his missionary journeys and imprisonment. They are considered to represent the nucleus of his theological positions.
- The Letter to the Romans (AD 55-58), authored by the Apostle Paul, stands as one of the most comprehensive and theologically rich epistles in the New Testament. Addressed to the believers in Rome, this letter systematically presents the gospel of Jesus Christ, emphasizing the righteousness that comes from God and is received by faith. Paul begins by outlining humanity’s universal need for salvation due to sin, then explains how God’s righteousness is revealed in the justification of believers through faith in Christ, apart from the works of the Law. Romans delves into key themes such as the role of the law, the power of sin and grace, the significance of faith, and the believer’s new life in the Spirit. It also addresses the relationship between Jews and Gentiles in God’s redemptive plan, culminating in a call to live a transformed life marked by love, humility, and service. Romans is often regarded as Paul’s theological masterpiece, offering a deep exploration of Christian doctrine and practical instruction for living out the faith.
- 1 Corinthians (AD 53-54) is a pastoral letter addressing various issues in the Corinthian church, including divisions, immorality, and misunderstandings about spiritual gifts and the resurrection. Paul calls for unity, love, and proper conduct within the Christian community.
- In 2 Corinthians (AD 55-56), Paul defends his apostolic authority and ministry against critics, while also expressing deep gratitude and encouragement to the believers. He discusses themes of suffering, comfort, generosity, and the transforming power of God’s grace.
- Galatians (AD 48-50) addresses the issue of whether Gentile Christians must follow Jewish law. Paul defends the doctrine of justification by faith alone and emphasizes Christian freedom from the law, arguing that believers are justified by faith in Christ, not by the works of the law.
- Philippians (AD 60-62, if during Paul’s imprisonment in Rome) is a warm letter of encouragement, where Paul expresses joy and gratitude despite his imprisonment. He urges the believers to live in humility, unity, and joy, modeling their lives after Christ’s example of selfless service.
- In 1 Thessalonians (AD 50-51), Paul encourages the young church in Thessalonica to remain steadfast in faith despite persecution. He offers hope through the promise of Christ’s return and urges them to live in holiness and love as they await that day.
- Philemon (AD 60-62, if during Paul’s imprisonment in Rome) is a personal letter from Paul to a Christian slave owner, Philemon, urging him to welcome back his runaway slave, Onesimus, as a brother in Christ. Paul’s appeal is based on Christian love and equality in the body of Christ.
Deutero-Pauline Epistles (disputed letters). These letters are debated among scholars. Some doubt Pauline authorship, generally dating them after Paul’s death, considering these letters to reflect developments in early Christian theology and church structure. Others propose a co-authorship scenario, potentially during Paul’s imprisonment in Ephesus or later.
- Ephesians highlights the unity and reconciliation brought by Christ, emphasizing the church as the body of Christ. Paul encourages believers to live out their new identity in Christ, exhorting to unity, love, and spiritual maturity to build up the church.
- In Colossians, Paul combats false teachings by emphasizing the supremacy of Christ in creation and redemption. He encourages believers to set their minds on things above and to live out their faith in Christ-like character and relationships.
- 2 Thessalonians builds on the themes of the first letter, addressing concerns about the Day of the Lord. Paul corrects misconceptions about the timing of Christ’s return and encourages the believers to continue working diligently while they wait.
Trito-Pauline Epistles (likely pseudepigraphal). These letters are considered by many scholars to have been written in Paul’s name by later authors, typically dating them to the late 1st century to early 2nd century. Some propose a late authorship by Paul and consider these mentorship letters to his collaborators.
- 1 Timothy is a pastoral epistle in which Paul offers guidance to Timothy on leading the church in Ephesus. He addresses issues of church leadership, sound doctrine, worship, and the roles of men and women in the church.
- 2 Timothy, likely Paul’s final letter, is a personal and poignant message to Timothy. Paul encourages him to remain faithful in the face of suffering, to guard the gospel, and to continue preaching the Word.
- Titus provides instructions to Titus on establishing church leadership and teaching sound doctrine in Crete. Paul emphasizes the importance of good works as a reflection of the believer’s faith and the transformative power of God’s grace.
General Epistles and Revelation (AD 60-95)
General Epistles: Hebrews (45m), James (20m), 1 Peter (15m), 2 Peter (10m), 1 John (20m), 2 John (5m), 3 John (5m), Jude (5m)
Apocalyptic Literature: Revelation (1h 30m)
The General Epistles, written by various apostles to early Christian communities spread throughout the Roman Empire, often focus on faith, perseverance under persecution, and warnings against false teachings. Themes include the nature of faith, endurance in trials, and the hope of Christ’s return. The estimated date range for the writing of these letters is from AD 45 to 90.
The Letter to the Hebrews (AD 60-70) is a profound theological treatise that presents Jesus Christ as the ultimate revelation of God, superior to all previous intermediaries, including angels, Moses, and the Levitical priesthood. Written to a community of Jewish Christians facing persecution and wavering in their faith, Hebrews emphasizes the superiority of Christ’s new covenant over the old covenant. The book masterfully weaves together Old Testament references, particularly from the Psalms and the Torah, to demonstrate that Jesus is the perfect high priest and the final, once-for-all sacrifice for sins. Major themes include the perseverance of faith, the importance of endurance in the face of trials, and the call to remain steadfast in the hope of Christ’s return. Hebrews is both an encouragement to remain faithful and a rich exposition of Christ’s role in God’s redemptive plan, urging believers to draw near to God with confidence through Jesus, the mediator of a better covenant.
The Letter of James (AD 45-62), traditionally attributed to James, the brother of Jesus, is a practical guide for living out the Christian faith. It emphasizes the importance of good works as the evidence of genuine faith, offering guidance on issues like controlling the tongue, caring for the poor, and living with patience and humility. James challenges believers to live consistently with their professed faith, stressing that faith without works is dead, and encourages them to seek wisdom from God.
The letters of 1 and 2 Peter are attributed to the Apostle Peter and address different challenges faced by early Christians. 1 Peter (AD 60-64) encourages believers to remain steadfast in the face of persecution, emphasizing hope in Christ’s resurrection and the call to live holy lives. It offers comfort by reminding the readers of their identity as God’s chosen people. 2 Peter (AD 65-68), possibly written later, warns against false teachers and stresses the importance of knowledge, spiritual growth, and the certainty of Christ’s return, urging believers to live in a way that reflects their faith.
The Letters of 1, 2, and 3 John are brief yet profound epistles attributed to the Apostle John, traditionally believed to have been written in the late first century. Together, these letters underscore the inseparable connection between belief in Christ, love for others, and the pursuit of truth, offering timeless guidance for maintaining faith and unity within the Christian community. In 1 John, John emphasizes the importance of living in the light of God’s truth, the need for genuine love among believers, and the assurance of eternal life through faith in Jesus Christ. He warns against false teachings that deny the incarnation of Christ and calls believers to walk in righteousness.
The Letter of Jude (AD 60-80), a brief letter attributed to Jude, the brother of James and Jesus, warns against false teachers who have infiltrated the church. It calls believers to contend for the faith and remain steadfast, offering both a stern rebuke of ungodly behavior and an encouragement to persevere in their faith.
The Book of Revelation (AD 90-95), traditionally attributed to the Apostle John during his exile on the island of Patmos, is a complex and vivid apocalyptic work. It is unique in the New Testament for its use of symbolic and prophetic language to convey its messages. Revelation unveils a cosmic struggle between good and evil, portraying the ultimate victory of Christ over Satan and the forces of darkness. The book is structured around a series of visions that include the letters to the seven churches, the opening of the seven seals, the sounding of the seven trumpets, and the pouring out of the seven bowls of God’s wrath.
One of the central themes of Revelation is the sovereignty of God and the hope of a new creation. Amidst vivid depictions of judgment, destruction, and spiritual warfare, the book offers hope to persecuted Christians and reassures believers of the eventual triumph of God’s kingdom. Revelation culminates in the vision of a new heaven and a new earth, where God dwells with His people in a restored creation, free from sin, suffering, and death.
Congratulations on completing the 90-day Bible Reading Plan designed for entrepreneurs! By following this structured approach, you’ve gained a comprehensive overview of the Bible, allowing you to see the grand narrative of salvation history and how each book contributes to God’s redemptive plan.
This foundational knowledge not only enriches your personal life but also prepares you as a leader in the business world. The insights and wisdom gained from this Bible reading can be applied to various aspects of your entrepreneurial journey, helping you navigate challenges with a deeper understanding and perspective.
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